zengli
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coding-agent


			
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  <h1>3.3 基于Mysql数据库实现问答系统</h1>

<h2 id="_1">学习目标<a class="headerlink" href="#_1" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2>
<ol>
<li>理解FQA问答系统的整体流程。</li>
<li>掌握如何整合MySQL、Redis和BM25算法构建QA问答系统。</li>
</ol>
<hr>
<h2 id="fqa">一、FQA系统概述<a class="headerlink" href="#fqa" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2>
<p>本系统从MySQL数据库检索问答对，使用BM25算法计算相似度，并通过Softmax归一化将得分转换为概率值，阈值0.85判断答案可靠性。Redis仅缓存高可靠性结果（相似度&gt;0.85且有答案）。若MySQL无可靠答案，则调用RAG系统检索。</p>
<h3 id="1">1 系统流程<a class="headerlink" href="#1" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3>
<ol>
<li><strong>数据存储</strong>：MySQL存储FQA高频问答对数据。</li>
<li><strong>问题检索</strong>：BM25计算相似度，Softmax归一化后判断阈值0.85。</li>
<li><strong>缓存管理</strong>：Redis仅存储相似度&gt;0.85且有答案的数据。</li>
<li><strong>答案返回</strong>：</li>
<li>若MySQL返回可靠答案，直接返回。</li>
<li>否则，调用RAG系统检索。</li>
</ol>
<hr>
<h3 id="2">2 项目结构<a class="headerlink" href="#2" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code>integrated_qa_system/
├── config.ini                     # 配置文件，包含所有模块的配置
├── base/
│   ├── config.py              # 配置管理，加载 config.ini
│   ├── logger.py              # 日志设置
├── mysql_qa/
│   ├── data/
│   │   ├── JP企业知识库问答.csv    # FQA数据集
│   ├── db/
│   │   ├── mysql_client.py    # MySQL 数据库操作
│   ├── cache/
│   │   ├── redis_client.py    # Redis 缓存操作
│   ├── retrieval/
│   │   ├── bm25_search.py     # BM25 搜索
│   ├── utils/
│   │   ├── preprocess.py      # 文本预处理
│   ├── main.py                # MySQL 系统独立入口，支持查询
├── requirements.txt           # 依赖文件
└── logs/
    └── app.log                # 日志文件
</code></pre></div>
<h2 id="_2">三、代码实现<a class="headerlink" href="#_2" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2>
<h3 id="1-configini">1 配置文件 (<code>config.ini</code>)<a class="headerlink" href="#1-configini" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="c1"># MySQL 配置</span>
<span class="k">[mysql]</span>
<span class="na">host</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">localhost</span>
<span class="na">user</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">root</span>
<span class="na">password</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">123456</span>
<span class="na">database</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">subjects_kg</span>

<span class="c1"># Redis 配置</span>
<span class="k">[redis]</span>
<span class="na">host</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">localhost</span>
<span class="na">port</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">6379</span>
<span class="na">password</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">1234</span>
<span class="na">db</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">0</span>

<span class="c1"># 日志配置</span>
<span class="k">[logger]</span>
<span class="na">log_file</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">/path/to/your/logs/app.log</span>
</code></pre></div>
<h3 id="2_1">2 配置管理<a class="headerlink" href="#2_1" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3>
<h4 id="21">2.1 功能<a class="headerlink" href="#21" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h4>
<p><code>config.py</code>文件定义了<code>Config</code>类，用于集中管理系统中的所有配置参数。这些参数包括数据库连接信息、模型选择、分块策略、API设置等。通过集中管理配置，系统可以方便地调整参数、适配不同环境，并支持通过环境变量进行灵活配置。</p>
<h4 id="22">2.2 代码实现<a class="headerlink" href="#22" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h4>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="c1"># base/config.py</span>
<span class="c1"># 导入配置解析库</span>
<span class="kn">import</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">configparser</span>
<span class="c1"># 导入路径操作库</span>
<span class="kn">import</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">os</span>


<span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">Config</span><span class="p">:</span>
    <span class="c1"># 初始化配置，加载 config.ini 文件</span>
    <span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">__init__</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">config_file</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'../config.ini'</span><span class="p">):</span>
        <span class="c1"># 创建配置解析器</span>
        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">config</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">configparser</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">ConfigParser</span><span class="p">()</span>
        <span class="c1"># 读取配置文件</span>
        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">config</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">read</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">config_file</span><span class="p">)</span>

        <span class="c1"># MySQL 配置</span>
        <span class="c1"># MySQL 主机地址</span>
        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">MYSQL_HOST</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">config</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'mysql'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'host'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">fallback</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'localhost'</span><span class="p">)</span> 
        <span class="c1"># MySQL 用户名</span>
        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">MYSQL_USER</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">config</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'mysql'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'user'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">fallback</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'root'</span><span class="p">)</span>
        <span class="c1"># MySQL 密码</span>
        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">MYSQL_PASSWORD</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">config</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'mysql'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'password'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">fallback</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'123456'</span><span class="p">)</span> 
        <span class="c1"># MySQL 数据库名</span>
        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">MYSQL_DATABASE</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">config</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'mysql'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'database'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">fallback</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'subjects_kg'</span><span class="p">)</span>  

        <span class="c1"># Redis 配置</span>
        <span class="c1"># Redis 主机地址</span>
        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">REDIS_HOST</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">config</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'redis'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'host'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">fallback</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'localhost'</span><span class="p">)</span> 
        <span class="c1"># Redis 端口</span>
        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">REDIS_PORT</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">config</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">getint</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'redis'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'port'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">fallback</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">6379</span><span class="p">)</span>  
        <span class="c1"># Redis 密码</span>
        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">REDIS_PASSWORD</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">config</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'redis'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'password'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">fallback</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'1234'</span><span class="p">)</span> 
        <span class="c1"># Redis 数据库编号</span>
        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">REDIS_DB</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">config</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">getint</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'redis'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'db'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">fallback</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>  
        <span class="c1"># 日志文件路径</span>
        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">LOG_FILE</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">config</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'logger'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'log_file'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">fallback</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'logs/app.log'</span><span class="p">)</span>  

<span class="k">if</span> <span class="vm">__name__</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="s1">'__main__'</span><span class="p">:</span>
    <span class="n">conf</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Config</span><span class="p">()</span>
    <span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">conf</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">CHILD_CHUNK_SIZE</span><span class="p">)</span>
</code></pre></div>
<h4 id="23">2.3 说明<a class="headerlink" href="#23" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h4>
<ul>
<li><strong>默认值</strong>：每个参数设有默认值，确保未配置环境变量时系统仍可运行。</li>
<li><strong>参数分类</strong>：按功能分类（如数据库、模型、分块等），便于管理和维护。</li>
</ul>
<hr>
<h3 id="3">3 日志记录<a class="headerlink" href="#3" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3>
<h4 id="31">3.1 功能<a class="headerlink" href="#31" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h4>
<p><code>logger.py</code>文件定义了<code>setup_logging</code>函数，用于配置系统的日志记录器。日志记录器将运行信息、警告和错误输出到文件和控制台，便于开发、调试和运维人员监控系统状态。</p>
<h4 id="32">3.2 代码实现<a class="headerlink" href="#32" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h4>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="c1"># base/logger.py</span>
<span class="c1"># 导入日志库</span>
<span class="kn">import</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">logging</span>
<span class="c1"># 导入路径操作库</span>
<span class="kn">import</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">os</span>
<span class="c1"># 导入配置类</span>
<span class="kn">from</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">config</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">Config</span>


<span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">setup_logging</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">log_file</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">Config</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">LOG_FILE</span><span class="p">):</span>
    <span class="c1"># 创建日志目录</span>
    <span class="n">os</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">makedirs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">os</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">path</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">dirname</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">log_file</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">exist_ok</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">)</span>
    <span class="c1"># 获取日志器</span>
    <span class="n">logger</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">logging</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">getLogger</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"EnterpriseKB-RAG"</span><span class="p">)</span>
    <span class="c1"># 设置日志级别</span>
    <span class="n">logger</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">setLevel</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">logging</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">INFO</span><span class="p">)</span>
    <span class="c1"># 避免重复添加处理器</span>
    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="ow">not</span> <span class="n">logger</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">handlers</span><span class="p">:</span>
        <span class="c1"># 创建文件处理器</span>
        <span class="n">file_handler</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">logging</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">FileHandler</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">log_file</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">encoding</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'utf-8'</span><span class="p">)</span>
        <span class="c1"># 设置文件处理器级别</span>
        <span class="n">file_handler</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">setLevel</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">logging</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">INFO</span><span class="p">)</span>
        <span class="c1"># 创建控制台处理器</span>
        <span class="n">console_handler</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">logging</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">StreamHandler</span><span class="p">()</span>
        <span class="c1"># 设置控制台处理器级别</span>
        <span class="n">console_handler</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">setLevel</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">logging</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">INFO</span><span class="p">)</span>
        <span class="c1"># 设置日志格式</span>
        <span class="n">formatter</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">logging</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Formatter</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'</span><span class="si">%(asctime)s</span><span class="s1"> - </span><span class="si">%(name)s</span><span class="s1"> - </span><span class="si">%(levelname)s</span><span class="s1"> - </span><span class="si">%(message)s</span><span class="s1">'</span><span class="p">)</span>
        <span class="c1"># 为文件处理器设置格式</span>
        <span class="n">file_handler</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">setFormatter</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">formatter</span><span class="p">)</span>
        <span class="c1"># 为控制台处理器设置格式</span>
        <span class="n">console_handler</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">setFormatter</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">formatter</span><span class="p">)</span>
        <span class="c1"># 添加文件处理器</span>
        <span class="n">logger</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">addHandler</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">file_handler</span><span class="p">)</span>
        <span class="c1"># 添加控制台处理器</span>
        <span class="n">logger</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">addHandler</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">console_handler</span><span class="p">)</span>
    <span class="c1"># 返回日志器</span>
    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">logger</span>

<span class="c1"># 初始化日志器</span>
<span class="n">logger</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">setup_logging</span><span class="p">()</span>
</code></pre></div>
<h4 id="33">3.3 说明<a class="headerlink" href="#33" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h4>
<ul>
<li><strong>日志级别</strong>：默认设为<code>INFO</code>，记录关键运行信息。</li>
<li><strong>双重输出</strong>：同时输出到文件和控制台，便于实时监控和后续分析。</li>
<li><strong>格式化</strong>：日志包含时间戳、名称、级别和内容，便于问题定位。</li>
</ul>
<hr>
<h3 id="4-mysql">4 MySQL操作模块<a class="headerlink" href="#4-mysql" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3>
<h4 id="41">4.1 功能<a class="headerlink" href="#41" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h4>
<p><code>mysql_client.py</code>是一个用于与 MySQL 交互的模块。模块通过读取配置文件连接数据库，支持创建表、从 CSV 文件插入数据、查询问题和答案，以及安全关闭连接。所有操作均通过日志记录，便于调试和监控系统状态。</p>
<h4 id="42">4.2 代码实现<a class="headerlink" href="#42" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h4>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="c1"># db/mysql_client.py</span>
<span class="c1"># 导入 MySQL 连接库</span>
<span class="kn">import</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">pymysql</span>
<span class="c1"># 导入pandas</span>
<span class="kn">import</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">pandas</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">pd</span>
<span class="c1"># 导入配置和日志</span>
<span class="kn">from</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">base</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">Config</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">logger</span>


<span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">MySQLClient</span><span class="p">:</span>
    <span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">__init__</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
        <span class="c1"># 初始化日志</span>
        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">logger</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">logger</span>
        <span class="k">try</span><span class="p">:</span>
            <span class="c1"># 连接 MySQL 数据库</span>
            <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">connection</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">pymysql</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">connect</span><span class="p">(</span>
                <span class="n">host</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">Config</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">MYSQL_HOST</span><span class="p">,</span>
                <span class="n">user</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">Config</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">MYSQL_USER</span><span class="p">,</span>
                <span class="n">password</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">Config</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">MYSQL_PASSWORD</span><span class="p">,</span>
                <span class="n">database</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">Config</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">MYSQL_DATABASE</span>
            <span class="p">)</span>
            <span class="c1"># 创建游标</span>
            <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">cursor</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">connection</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">cursor</span><span class="p">()</span>
            <span class="c1"># 记录连接成功</span>
            <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">logger</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">info</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"MySQL 连接成功"</span><span class="p">)</span>
        <span class="k">except</span> <span class="n">pymysql</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">MySQLError</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="n">e</span><span class="p">:</span>
            <span class="c1"># 记录连接失败</span>
            <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">logger</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="sa">f</span><span class="s2">"MySQL 连接失败: </span><span class="si">{</span><span class="n">e</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="p">)</span>
            <span class="k">raise</span>

    <span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">create_table</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
        <span class="n">create_table_query</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'''</span>
<span class="s1">        CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS jpkb (</span>
<span class="s1">            id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,</span>
<span class="s1">            subject_name VARCHAR(20),</span>
<span class="s1">            question VARCHAR(1000),</span>
<span class="s1">            answer VARCHAR(1000))</span>
<span class="s1">        '''</span>
        <span class="k">try</span><span class="p">:</span>
            <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">cursor</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">execute</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">create_table_query</span><span class="p">)</span>
            <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">connection</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">commit</span><span class="p">()</span>
            <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">logger</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">info</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"表创建成功"</span><span class="p">)</span>
        <span class="k">except</span> <span class="n">pymysql</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">MySQLError</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="n">e</span><span class="p">:</span>
            <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">logger</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="sa">f</span><span class="s2">"表创建失败: </span><span class="si">{</span><span class="n">e</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="p">)</span>
            <span class="k">raise</span>

    <span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">insert_data</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">csv_path</span><span class="p">):</span>
        <span class="k">try</span><span class="p">:</span>
            <span class="n">data</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">pd</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">read_csv</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">csv_path</span><span class="p">)</span>
            <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">_</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">row</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">data</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">iterrows</span><span class="p">():</span>
                <span class="n">insert_query</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s2">"INSERT INTO jpkb (subject_name, question, answer) VALUES (</span><span class="si">%s</span><span class="s2">, </span><span class="si">%s</span><span class="s2">, </span><span class="si">%s</span><span class="s2">)"</span>
                <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">cursor</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">execute</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">insert_query</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">row</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'知识域'</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">row</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'问题'</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">row</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'答案'</span><span class="p">]))</span>
            <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">connection</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">commit</span><span class="p">()</span>
            <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">logger</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">info</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"数据插入成功"</span><span class="p">)</span>
        <span class="k">except</span> <span class="ne">Exception</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="n">e</span><span class="p">:</span>
            <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">logger</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="sa">f</span><span class="s2">"数据插入失败: </span><span class="si">{</span><span class="n">e</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="p">)</span>
            <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">connection</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">rollback</span><span class="p">()</span>
            <span class="k">raise</span>

    <span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">fetch_questions</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
        <span class="c1"># 获取所有问题</span>
        <span class="k">try</span><span class="p">:</span>
            <span class="c1"># 执行查询</span>
            <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">cursor</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">execute</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"SELECT question FROM jpkb"</span><span class="p">)</span>
            <span class="c1"># 获取结果</span>
            <span class="n">results</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">cursor</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">fetchall</span><span class="p">()</span>
            <span class="c1"># 记录获取成功</span>
            <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">logger</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">info</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"成功获取问题"</span><span class="p">)</span>
            <span class="c1"># 返回结果</span>
            <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">results</span>
        <span class="k">except</span> <span class="n">pymysql</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">MySQLError</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="n">e</span><span class="p">:</span>
            <span class="c1"># 记录查询失败</span>
            <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">logger</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="sa">f</span><span class="s2">"查询失败: </span><span class="si">{</span><span class="n">e</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="p">)</span>
            <span class="c1"># 返回空列表</span>
            <span class="k">return</span> <span class="p">[]</span>

    <span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">fetch_answer</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">question</span><span class="p">):</span>
        <span class="c1"># 获取指定问题的答案</span>
        <span class="k">try</span><span class="p">:</span>
            <span class="c1"># 执行查询</span>
            <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">cursor</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">execute</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"SELECT answer FROM jpkb WHERE question=</span><span class="si">%s</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">question</span><span class="p">,))</span>
            <span class="c1"># 获取结果</span>
            <span class="n">result</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">cursor</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">fetchone</span><span class="p">()</span>
            <span class="c1"># 返回答案或 None</span>
            <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">result</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">result</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="kc">None</span>
        <span class="k">except</span> <span class="n">pymysql</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">MySQLError</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="n">e</span><span class="p">:</span>
            <span class="c1"># 记录答案获取失败</span>
            <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">logger</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="sa">f</span><span class="s2">"答案获取失败: </span><span class="si">{</span><span class="n">e</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="p">)</span>
            <span class="c1"># 返回 None</span>
            <span class="k">return</span> <span class="kc">None</span>

    <span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">close</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
        <span class="c1"># 关闭数据库连接</span>
        <span class="k">try</span><span class="p">:</span>
            <span class="c1"># 关闭连接</span>
            <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">connection</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">close</span><span class="p">()</span>
            <span class="c1"># 记录关闭成功</span>
            <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">logger</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">info</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"MySQL 连接已关闭"</span><span class="p">)</span>
        <span class="k">except</span> <span class="n">pymysql</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">MySQLError</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="n">e</span><span class="p">:</span>
            <span class="c1"># 记录关闭失败</span>
            <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">logger</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="sa">f</span><span class="s2">"关闭连接失败: </span><span class="si">{</span><span class="n">e</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="vm">__name__</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="s1">'__main__'</span><span class="p">:</span>
    <span class="n">mysql_client</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">MySQLClient</span><span class="p">()</span>
    <span class="n">mysql_client</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">create_table</span><span class="p">()</span>
    <span class="n">mysql_client</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">insert_data</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'../data/JP企业知识库问答.csv'</span><span class="p">)</span>
</code></pre></div>
<h4 id="43">4.3 说明<a class="headerlink" href="#43" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h4>
<ul>
<li><strong>数据库连接</strong>：通过 config.ini 配置文件读取 MySQL 参数，使用 pymysql 建立连接。</li>
<li><strong>表管理</strong>：创建 jpkb 表，包含字段 id（自增主键）、subject_name（知识域）、question（问题）、answer（答案），使用 IF NOT EXISTS 避免重复创建。</li>
<li><strong>异常处理</strong>：每个方法均捕获异常，记录错误日志并根据需要回滚事务或抛出异常。</li>
</ul>
<hr>
<h3 id="5-redis">5 Redis 缓存操作模块<a class="headerlink" href="#5-redis" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3>
<h4 id="51">5.1 功能<a class="headerlink" href="#51" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h4>
<p><code>redis_client.py</code>该模块用于与 Redis 数据库交互。模块通过配置文件连接 Redis，支持键值对存储与查询（使用 JSON 序列化）、答案缓存查询，并记录操作日志，便于调试和监控。</p>
<h4 id="52">5.2 代码实现<a class="headerlink" href="#52" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h4>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="c1"># cache/redis_client.py</span>
<span class="c1"># 导入 Redis 客户端</span>
<span class="kn">import</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">redis</span>
<span class="c1"># 导入 JSON 处理</span>
<span class="kn">import</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">json</span>
<span class="c1"># 导入配置和日志</span>
<span class="kn">from</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">base</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">Config</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">logger</span>


<span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">RedisClient</span><span class="p">:</span>
    <span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">__init__</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
        <span class="c1"># 初始化日志</span>
        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">logger</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">logger</span>
        <span class="k">try</span><span class="p">:</span>
            <span class="c1"># 连接 Redis</span>
            <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">client</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">redis</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">StrictRedis</span><span class="p">(</span>
                <span class="n">host</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">Config</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">REDIS_HOST</span><span class="p">,</span>
                <span class="n">port</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">Config</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">REDIS_PORT</span><span class="p">,</span>
                <span class="n">password</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">Config</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">REDIS_PASSWORD</span><span class="p">,</span>
                <span class="n">db</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">Config</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">REDIS_DB</span><span class="p">,</span>
                <span class="n">decode_responses</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="kc">True</span>
            <span class="p">)</span>
            <span class="c1"># 记录连接成功</span>
            <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">logger</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">info</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"Redis 连接成功"</span><span class="p">)</span>
        <span class="k">except</span> <span class="n">redis</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">RedisError</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="n">e</span><span class="p">:</span>
            <span class="c1"># 记录连接失败</span>
            <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">logger</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="sa">f</span><span class="s2">"Redis 连接失败: </span><span class="si">{</span><span class="n">e</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="p">)</span>
            <span class="k">raise</span>

    <span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">set_data</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">value</span><span class="p">):</span>
        <span class="c1"># 存储数据到 Redis</span>
        <span class="k">try</span><span class="p">:</span>
            <span class="c1"># 存储 JSON 数据</span>
            <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">client</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">set</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">json</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">dumps</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">value</span><span class="p">))</span>
            <span class="c1"># 记录存储成功</span>
            <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">logger</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">info</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="sa">f</span><span class="s2">"存储数据到 Redis: </span><span class="si">{</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="p">)</span>
        <span class="k">except</span> <span class="n">redis</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">RedisError</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="n">e</span><span class="p">:</span>
            <span class="c1"># 记录存储失败</span>
            <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">logger</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="sa">f</span><span class="s2">"Redis 存储失败: </span><span class="si">{</span><span class="n">e</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="p">)</span>

    <span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">get_data</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">key</span><span class="p">):</span>
        <span class="c1"># 从 Redis 获取数据</span>
        <span class="k">try</span><span class="p">:</span>
            <span class="c1"># 获取数据</span>
            <span class="n">data</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">client</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span>
            <span class="c1"># 返回解析后的 JSON 数据或 None</span>
            <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">json</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">loads</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">data</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">data</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="kc">None</span>
        <span class="k">except</span> <span class="n">redis</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">RedisError</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="n">e</span><span class="p">:</span>
            <span class="c1"># 记录获取失败</span>
            <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">logger</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="sa">f</span><span class="s2">"Redis 获取失败: </span><span class="si">{</span><span class="n">e</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="p">)</span>
            <span class="c1"># 返回 None</span>
            <span class="k">return</span> <span class="kc">None</span>

    <span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">get_answer</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">query</span><span class="p">):</span>
        <span class="c1"># 获取查询的缓存答案</span>
        <span class="k">try</span><span class="p">:</span>
            <span class="c1"># 从 Redis 获取答案</span>
            <span class="n">answer</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">client</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="sa">f</span><span class="s2">"answer:</span><span class="si">{</span><span class="n">query</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="p">)</span>
            <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">answer</span><span class="p">:</span>
                <span class="c1"># 记录获取成功</span>
                <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">logger</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">info</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="sa">f</span><span class="s2">"从 Redis 获取答案: </span><span class="si">{</span><span class="n">query</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="p">)</span>
                <span class="c1"># 返回答案</span>
                <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">answer</span>
            <span class="c1"># 返回 None</span>
            <span class="k">return</span> <span class="kc">None</span>
        <span class="k">except</span> <span class="n">redis</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">RedisError</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="n">e</span><span class="p">:</span>
            <span class="c1"># 记录查询失败</span>
            <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">logger</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="sa">f</span><span class="s2">"Redis 查询失败: </span><span class="si">{</span><span class="n">e</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="p">)</span>
            <span class="c1"># 返回 None</span>
            <span class="k">return</span> <span class="kc">None</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="vm">__name__</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="s1">'__main__'</span><span class="p">:</span>
    <span class="n">redcli</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">RedisClient</span><span class="p">()</span>
    <span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">redcli</span><span class="p">)</span>
</code></pre></div>
<h4 id="53">5.3 说明<a class="headerlink" href="#53" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h4>
<ul>
<li><strong>Redis 连接</strong>：通过 config.ini 读取 Redis 配置，使用 redis.StrictRedis 建立连接。</li>
<li><strong>数据操作</strong>： </li>
<li>set_data：将键值对（值序列化为 JSON）存储到 Redis。</li>
<li>get_data：根据键获取值并反序列化 JSON。</li>
<li>get_answer：查询以 answer:{query} 格式存储的答案缓存。</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="6">6 文本预处理模块<a class="headerlink" href="#6" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3>
<h4 id="61">6.1 功能<a class="headerlink" href="#61" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h4>
<p><code>preprocess.py</code>是一个基于 jieba 分词库实现文本预处理的模块。该模块将输入文本转换为小写并进行分词，返回分词结果，支持日志记录以监控处理状态。</p>
<h4 id="62">6.2 代码实现<a class="headerlink" href="#62" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h4>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="c1"># utils/preprocess.py</span>
<span class="c1"># 导入分词库</span>
<span class="kn">import</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">jieba</span>
<span class="c1"># 导入日志</span>
<span class="kn">from</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">base</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">logger</span>

<span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">preprocess_text</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">text</span><span class="p">):</span>
    <span class="c1"># 预处理文本</span>
    <span class="n">logger</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">info</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"开始预处理文本"</span><span class="p">)</span>
    <span class="k">try</span><span class="p">:</span>
        <span class="c1"># 分词并转换为小写</span>
        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">jieba</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">lcut</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">text</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">lower</span><span class="p">())</span>
    <span class="k">except</span> <span class="ne">AttributeError</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="n">e</span><span class="p">:</span>
        <span class="c1"># 记录预处理失败</span>
        <span class="n">logger</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="sa">f</span><span class="s2">"文本预处理失败: </span><span class="si">{</span><span class="n">e</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="p">)</span>
        <span class="c1"># 返回空列表</span>
        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
</code></pre></div>
<h4 id="63">6.3 说明<a class="headerlink" href="#63" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h4>
<ul>
<li><strong>文本处理</strong>：使用 jieba.lcut 对输入文本进行中文分词，并将文本转换为小写以规范化。</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="7-bm25softmax">7 BM25+Softmax检索模块<a class="headerlink" href="#7-bm25softmax" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3>
<h4 id="71">7.1 功能<a class="headerlink" href="#71" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h4>
<p><code>bm25_search.py</code> 是一个基于 BM25 算法和 Softmax 归一化的文本检索模块，用于从问题库中检索与查询最匹配的答案。模块结合 Redis 缓存和 MySQL 数据库，支持问题加载、分词、BM25 评分、Softmax 归一化，并记录操作日志。</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="c1"># retrieval/bm25_search.py</span>
<span class="c1"># 导入 BM25 算法</span>
<span class="kn">from</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">rank_bm25</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">BM25Okapi</span>
<span class="c1"># 导入数值计算库</span>
<span class="kn">import</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">numpy</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">np</span>
<span class="c1"># 导入文本预处理</span>
<span class="kn">from</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">utils.preprocess</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">preprocess_text</span>
<span class="c1"># 导入日志</span>
<span class="kn">from</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">base</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">logger</span>

<span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">BM25Search</span><span class="p">:</span>
    <span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">__init__</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">redis_client</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mysql_client</span><span class="p">):</span>
        <span class="c1"># 初始化日志</span>
        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">logger</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">logger</span>
        <span class="c1"># 初始化 Redis 客户端</span>
        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">redis_client</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">redis_client</span>
        <span class="c1"># 初始化 MySQL 客户端</span>
        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">mysql_client</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">mysql_client</span>
        <span class="c1"># 初始化 BM25 模型</span>
        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">bm25</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kc">None</span>
        <span class="c1"># 初始化问题列表</span>
        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">questions</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kc">None</span>
        <span class="c1"># 初始化原始问题</span>
        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">original_questions</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kc">None</span>
        <span class="c1"># 加载数据</span>
        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_load_data</span><span class="p">()</span>

    <span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">_load_data</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
        <span class="c1"># 加载数据</span>
        <span class="n">original_key</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s2">"qa_original_questions"</span>
        <span class="n">tokenized_key</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s2">"qa_tokenized_questions"</span>
        <span class="c1"># 从 Redis 获取原始问题</span>
        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">original_questions</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">redis_client</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">get_data</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">original_key</span><span class="p">)</span>
        <span class="c1"># 从 Redis 获取分词问题</span>
        <span class="n">tokenized_questions</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">redis_client</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">get_data</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">tokenized_key</span><span class="p">)</span>
        <span class="c1"># 如果 Redis 中没有数据，从 MySQL 加载</span>
        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="ow">not</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">original_questions</span> <span class="ow">or</span> <span class="ow">not</span> <span class="n">tokenized_questions</span><span class="p">:</span>
            <span class="c1"># 从 MySQL 获取问题</span>
            <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">original_questions</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">mysql_client</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">fetch_questions</span><span class="p">()</span>
            <span class="k">if</span> <span class="ow">not</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">original_questions</span><span class="p">:</span>
                <span class="c1"># 记录无问题警告</span>
                <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">logger</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">warning</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"未加载到问题"</span><span class="p">)</span>
                <span class="k">return</span>
            <span class="c1"># 分词问题</span>
            <span class="n">tokenized_questions</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="n">preprocess_text</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">q</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">q</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">original_questions</span><span class="p">]</span>
            <span class="c1"># 存储原始问题到 Redis</span>
            <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">redis_client</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">set_data</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">original_key</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">[(</span><span class="n">q</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">q</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">original_questions</span><span class="p">])</span>
            <span class="c1"># 存储分词问题到 Redis</span>
            <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">redis_client</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">set_data</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">tokenized_key</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">tokenized_questions</span><span class="p">)</span>
        <span class="c1"># 设置问题列表</span>
        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">questions</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">tokenized_questions</span>
        <span class="c1"># 初始化 BM25 模型</span>
        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">bm25</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">BM25Okapi</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">questions</span><span class="p">)</span>
        <span class="c1"># 记录 BM25 初始化成功</span>
        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">logger</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">info</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"BM25 模型初始化完成"</span><span class="p">)</span>

    <span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">_softmax</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">scores</span><span class="p">):</span>
        <span class="c1"># 计算 Softmax 分数</span>
        <span class="n">exp_scores</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">np</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">exp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">scores</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">np</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">scores</span><span class="p">))</span>
        <span class="c1"># 返回归一化分数</span>
        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">exp_scores</span> <span class="o">/</span> <span class="n">exp_scores</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">sum</span><span class="p">()</span>

    <span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">search</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">query</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">threshold</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mf">0.85</span><span class="p">):</span>
        <span class="c1"># 搜索查询</span>
        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="ow">not</span> <span class="n">query</span> <span class="ow">or</span> <span class="ow">not</span> <span class="nb">isinstance</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">query</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">):</span>
            <span class="c1"># 记录无效查询</span>
            <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">logger</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"无效查询"</span><span class="p">)</span>
            <span class="c1"># 返回 None 和 False</span>
            <span class="k">return</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="kc">False</span>
        <span class="c1"># 检查 Redis 缓存</span>
        <span class="n">cached_answer</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">redis_client</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">get_answer</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">query</span><span class="p">)</span>
        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">cached_answer</span><span class="p">:</span>
            <span class="c1"># 返回缓存答案</span>
            <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">cached_answer</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="kc">False</span>
        <span class="k">try</span><span class="p">:</span>
            <span class="c1"># 分词查询</span>
            <span class="n">query_tokens</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">preprocess_text</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">query</span><span class="p">)</span>
            <span class="c1"># 计算 BM25 分数</span>
            <span class="n">scores</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">bm25</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">get_scores</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">query_tokens</span><span class="p">)</span>
            <span class="c1"># 计算 Softmax 分数</span>
            <span class="n">softmax_scores</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_softmax</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">scores</span><span class="p">)</span>
            <span class="c1"># 获取最高分索引</span>
            <span class="n">best_idx</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">softmax_scores</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">argmax</span><span class="p">()</span>
            <span class="c1"># 获取最高分</span>
            <span class="n">best_score</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">softmax_scores</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">best_idx</span><span class="p">]</span>
            <span class="c1"># 检查是否超过阈值</span>
            <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">best_score</span> <span class="o">&gt;=</span> <span class="n">threshold</span><span class="p">:</span>
                <span class="c1"># 获取原始问题</span>
                <span class="n">original_question</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">original_questions</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">best_idx</span><span class="p">]</span>
                <span class="c1"># 获取答案</span>
                <span class="n">redis_result</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">redis_client</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">get_answer</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">original_question</span><span class="p">)</span>
                <span class="c1"># 获取答案</span>
                <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">redis_result</span><span class="p">:</span>
                    <span class="n">answer</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">redis_result</span>
                    <span class="n">logger</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">info</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="sa">f</span><span class="s1">'从redis中获取到了问题的答案:</span><span class="si">{</span><span class="n">answer</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s1">'</span><span class="p">)</span>
                <span class="k">else</span><span class="p">:</span>
                    <span class="n">answer</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">mysql_client</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">fetch_answer</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">original_question</span><span class="p">)</span>
                    <span class="n">logger</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">info</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="sa">f</span><span class="s1">'从mysql中获取到了问题的答案:</span><span class="si">{</span><span class="n">answer</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s1">'</span><span class="p">)</span>

                <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">answer</span><span class="p">:</span>
                    <span class="c1"># 缓存答案</span>
                    <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">redis_client</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">set_data</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="sa">f</span><span class="s2">"answer:</span><span class="si">{</span><span class="n">query</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">answer</span><span class="p">)</span>
                    <span class="c1"># 记录搜索成功</span>
                    <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">logger</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">info</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="sa">f</span><span class="s2">"搜索成功，Softmax 相似度: </span><span class="si">{</span><span class="n">best_score</span><span class="si">:</span><span class="s2">.3f</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="p">)</span>
                    <span class="c1"># 返回答案和 False</span>
                    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">answer</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="kc">False</span>
            <span class="c1"># 记录无可靠答案</span>
            <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">logger</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">info</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="sa">f</span><span class="s2">"未找到可靠答案，最高 Softmax 相似度: </span><span class="si">{</span><span class="n">best_score</span><span class="si">:</span><span class="s2">.3f</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="p">)</span>
            <span class="c1"># 返回 None 和 True</span>
            <span class="k">return</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="kc">True</span>
        <span class="k">except</span> <span class="ne">Exception</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="n">e</span><span class="p">:</span>
            <span class="c1"># 记录搜索失败</span>
            <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">logger</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="sa">f</span><span class="s2">"搜索失败: </span><span class="si">{</span><span class="n">e</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="p">)</span>
            <span class="c1"># 返回 None 和 True</span>
            <span class="k">return</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="kc">True</span>
</code></pre></div>
<h4 id="72">7.2 说明<a class="headerlink" href="#72" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h4>
<ul>
<li><strong>数据加载</strong>：优先从 Redis 获取问题和分词数据，若无则从 MySQL 加载并分词后缓存到 Redis。</li>
<li><strong>BM25 检索</strong>：使用 BM25Okapi 计算查询与问题库的相似度，结合 Softmax 归一化评分。</li>
<li><strong>答案查询</strong>：通过 Redis 缓存答案，若无缓存则从 MySQL 获取并缓存，阈值（默认 0.85）控制答案可靠性。</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="mainpy">三、主程序 (<code>main.py</code>)<a class="headerlink" href="#mainpy" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2>
<h3 id="1_1">1 代码<a class="headerlink" href="#1_1" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="c1"># 导入 MySQL 客户端</span>
<span class="kn">from</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">db.mysql_client</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">MySQLClient</span>
<span class="c1"># 导入 Redis 客户端</span>
<span class="kn">from</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">cache.redis_client</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">RedisClient</span>
<span class="c1"># 导入 BM25 搜索</span>
<span class="kn">from</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">retrieval.bm25_search</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">BM25Search</span>
<span class="c1"># 导入日志</span>
<span class="kn">from</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">base</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">logger</span>
<span class="c1"># 导入时间库</span>
<span class="kn">import</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">time</span>

<span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">MySQLQASystem</span><span class="p">:</span>
    <span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">__init__</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
        <span class="c1"># 初始化日志</span>
        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">logger</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">logger</span>
        <span class="c1"># 初始化 MySQL 客户端</span>
        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">mysql_client</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">MySQLClient</span><span class="p">()</span>
        <span class="c1"># 初始化 Redis 客户端</span>
        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">redis_client</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">RedisClient</span><span class="p">()</span>
        <span class="c1"># 初始化 BM25 搜索</span>
        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">bm25_search</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">BM25Search</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">redis_client</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">mysql_client</span><span class="p">)</span>

    <span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">query</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">query</span><span class="p">):</span>
        <span class="c1"># 查询 MySQL 系统</span>
        <span class="n">start_time</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">time</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">time</span><span class="p">()</span>
        <span class="c1"># 记录查询信息</span>
        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">logger</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">info</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="sa">f</span><span class="s2">"处理查询: '</span><span class="si">{</span><span class="n">query</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">'"</span><span class="p">)</span>
        <span class="c1"># 执行 BM25 搜索</span>
        <span class="n">answer</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">_</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">bm25_search</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">search</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">query</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">threshold</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mf">0.85</span><span class="p">)</span>
        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">answer</span><span class="p">:</span>
            <span class="c1"># 记录 MySQL 答案</span>
            <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">logger</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">info</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="sa">f</span><span class="s2">"MySQL 答案: </span><span class="si">{</span><span class="n">answer</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="p">)</span>
        <span class="k">else</span><span class="p">:</span>
            <span class="c1"># 记录无答案</span>
            <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">logger</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">info</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"SQL中未找到答案, 需要调用RAG系统"</span><span class="p">)</span>
            <span class="c1"># 设置默认答案</span>
            <span class="n">answer</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s2">"SQL未找到答案"</span>
        <span class="c1"># 计算处理时间</span>
        <span class="n">processing_time</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">time</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">time</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">start_time</span>
        <span class="c1"># 记录处理时间</span>
        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">logger</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">info</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="sa">f</span><span class="s2">"查询处理耗时 </span><span class="si">{</span><span class="n">processing_time</span><span class="si">:</span><span class="s2">.2f</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">秒"</span><span class="p">)</span>
        <span class="c1"># 返回答案</span>
        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">answer</span>

<span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">main</span><span class="p">():</span>
    <span class="c1"># 初始化 MySQL 系统</span>
    <span class="n">mysql_system</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">MySQLQASystem</span><span class="p">()</span>
    <span class="k">try</span><span class="p">:</span>
        <span class="c1"># 打印欢迎信息</span>
        <span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s2">欢迎使用 MySQL 问答系统！"</span><span class="p">)</span>
        <span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"输入查询进行问答，输入 'exit' 退出。"</span><span class="p">)</span>
        <span class="k">while</span> <span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">:</span>
            <span class="c1"># 获取用户输入</span>
            <span class="n">query</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">input</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s2">输入查询: "</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">strip</span><span class="p">()</span>
            <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">query</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">lower</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="s2">"exit"</span><span class="p">:</span>
                <span class="c1"># 记录退出日志</span>
                <span class="n">logger</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">info</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"退出 MySQL 系统"</span><span class="p">)</span>
                <span class="c1"># 打印退出信息</span>
                <span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"再见！"</span><span class="p">)</span>
                <span class="k">break</span>
            <span class="c1"># 执行查询</span>
            <span class="n">answer</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">mysql_system</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">query</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">query</span><span class="p">)</span>
            <span class="c1"># 打印答案</span>
            <span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="sa">f</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s2">答案: </span><span class="si">{</span><span class="n">answer</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="p">)</span>
    <span class="k">except</span> <span class="ne">Exception</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="n">e</span><span class="p">:</span>
        <span class="c1"># 记录系统错误</span>
        <span class="n">logger</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="sa">f</span><span class="s2">"系统错误: </span><span class="si">{</span><span class="n">e</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="p">)</span>
        <span class="c1"># 打印错误信息</span>
        <span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="sa">f</span><span class="s2">"发生错误: </span><span class="si">{</span><span class="n">e</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="p">)</span>
    <span class="k">finally</span><span class="p">:</span>
        <span class="c1"># 关闭 MySQL 连接</span>
        <span class="n">mysql_system</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">mysql_client</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">close</span><span class="p">()</span>

<span class="k">if</span> <span class="vm">__name__</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="s2">"__main__"</span><span class="p">:</span>
    <span class="c1"># 运行主程序</span>
    <span class="n">main</span><span class="p">()</span>
</code></pre></div>
<hr>
<h3 id="2_2">2 示例运行结果<a class="headerlink" href="#2_2" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3>
<p>假设MySQL中有数据：
- 问题："特殊符号如何切割"，答案："使用split函数"
- 问题："如何处理字符串"，答案："使用字符串方法"</p>
<p>查询："特殊符号的切割"
</p><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code>2025-04-01 10:00:00,123 - INFO - MySQL连接成功
2025-04-01 10:00:00,125 - INFO - Redis连接成功
2025-04-01 10:00:00,126 - INFO - BM25模型初始化完成
欢迎使用 MySQL 问答系统！
输入查询进行问答，输入 'exit' 退出。
2025-04-01 10:00:00,127 - INFO - 检索成功，Softmax相似度: 0.892
2025-04-01 10:00:00,128 - INFO - 数据存入Redis: answer:特殊符号的切割
2025-04-01 10:00:00,129 - INFO - MySQL答案: 使用split函数
2025-04-01 10:00:00,130 - INFO - MySQL连接已关闭
</code></pre></div>
<hr>
<h2 id="_3">本章小结<a class="headerlink" href="#_3" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2>
<p>本章整合Mysql和Redis功能，实现了基于余弦相似度问答的QA系统：</p>
<ul>
<li><strong>流程</strong>：MySQL存储数据，Redis缓存优化，TF-IDF和余弦相似度匹配问题。</li>
<li><strong>工程化</strong>：模块化设计、配置文件、日志记录。</li>
</ul>


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